学历类 - 外语类

All the credit card organizations charge interest on a monthly basis which may_______at 25 per cent a year, yet judicious purchasing using a card can mean that you obtain up to seven weeks interest-free-credit.

There's one girl at my school who everybody_______because she doesn't wear what everybody else wears; they are horrible to her.

Inaugurated a second time on March 4, 1901, （ ）focused on domestic rather than foreign policies.

Many social services are provided by ________ societies and organizations that do not expect any material payment.

The police, trying to（ ）exactly who was at the party, are investigating every person concerned.

The computer's value will depreciate by half in the first year.

After the fierce quarrel, they began to have a（ ）loathing for each other.

With these young children to take care of, Cathy is kept_______every minute of the day.

I hear many parents complaining that their teenage children are rebelling. I wish it were so. Atyour age you ought to be growing away from your parents. You should be learning to stand on your own two feet. But take a good look at the present rebellion. It seems that teenagers are all taking the same way of showing that they disagree with their parents. Instead of striking out boldly on their own, most of them are clutching at one another’s hands for courage.They claim they want to dress as they please. But they all wear the same clothes. They set off innew directions in music. But somehow they all end up just by listening to the same record. Their reason for thinking or acting in this way is that the crowd is doing it.It has become harder and harder for a teenager to stand up against the popularity wave and to go hisor her own way. Industry has firmly carved out a teenage market. These days every teenager can learnfrom the advertisement what a teenager should have and be. And many of today’s parents have come to award high marks for the popularity of their children. All this adds up to a greater barrier for theteenager who wants to find his or her own path.But the barrier is worth climbing over. The path is worth following. You may want to listen toclassical music instead of going to a party. You may want to collect rocks when everyone else iscollecting records. You may have some thoughts that you don’t care to share at once with yourclassmates. Well, go to it. Find yourself. Be yourself. Popularity will come — with the people whorespect you for whom you are. That’s the only kind of popularity that really counts.

1.The main purpose of this passage is to tell（）.2.According to the author, many teenagers think they are brave enough to be themselves, but,in fact, most of them（ ）.3.According to the passage, which of the following is NOT true?4.The author thinks of advertisements as（）.5.During the teenage years, one should learn to（ ）.

I （ ） this soup, I （ ） pepper in it.

No one expected him to（ ）against his former employer.

Emile Durkheim (1858-1917) was concerned primarily with how societies could maintain their integrity and coherence in the modem era, when things such as shared religious and ethnic background could no longer be assumed. In order to study social life in modem societies, Durkheim sought to create one of the first scientific approaches to social phenomena. Along with Herbert Spencer, Durkheim was one of the first people to explain the existence and quality of different parts of a society by reference to what function they served in keeping the society healthy and balanced一a position that would come to be known as functionalism. Durkheim also insisted that society was more than the sum of its parts. Thus, unlike his contemporary Max Weber, he focused not on what motivates the actions of individual people (methodological individualism) , but rather on the study of “social facts”, a term which he coined to describe phenomena which have an existence in and of themselves and are not bound to the actions of individuals. He argued that social facts had an independent existence greater and more objective than the actions of the individuals that composed society and could only be explained by other social facts rather than, say, by society’s adaptation to a particular climate or ecological niche.In his 1893 work, The Division of Labor in Society, Durkheim examined how social order was maintained in different types of societies. He focused on the division of labor, and examined how it differed in traditional societies and modem societies. Authors before him such as Herbert Spencer and Ferdinand Toennies had argued that societies evolved much like living organisms, moving from a simple state to a more complex one resembling the workings of complex machines. Durkheim reversed his formula, adding his theory to the growing pool of theories of social progress, social evolutionism and social Darwinism. He argued that traditional societies were “mechanical” and were held together by the fact that everyone was more or less the same, and hence had things in common. In traditional societies, argued Durkheim, the collective consciousness entirely subsumed individual consciousness一social norms were strong and social behavior was well-regulated. In modem societies, he argued, the highly complex division of labor resulted in “organic” solidarity. Different specializations in employment and social roles created dependencies that tied people to one another, since people no longer could count on filling all of their needs by themselves. In “mechanical” societies, for example, subsistence farmers live in communities which are self-sufficient and knit together by a common heritage and common job. In modem “organic” societies, workers earn money, and must rely on other people who specialize in certain products (groceries, clothing, etc) to meet their needs. The result of increasing division of labor, according to Durkheim, is that individual consciousness emerges distinct from collective consciousness一often finding itself conflict with collective consciousness.

1.What is NOT true about Emile Durkheim?2.Which point about “social facts” is mentioned in the passage?3.The word “ subsumes ” in the middle of the second paragraph can be best replaced by（）4.Which of the following can best describe the identity of Emile Durkheim?5.According to Durkheim, the increasing division of labor is （ ）.

To save money for my education, mother often took on more work than（ ）for her.

Only two countries in the advanced world provide no guarantee for paid leave from work to care for a newborn child. Last spring one of the two, Australia, gave up that dubious distinction by establishing paid family leave starting in 2011. I wasn’t surprised when this didn’t make the news here in the United States—we’re now the only wealthy country without such a policy.The United States does have one explicit family policy, the Family and Medical Leave Act, passed in 1993. It entitles workers to as much as 12 weeks’ unpaid leave for care of a newborn or dealing with a family medical problem. Despite the modesty of the benefit, the Chamber of Commerce and other business groups fought it bitterly, describing it as “government-run personnel management” and a “dangerous precedent”. In fact, every step of the way, as (usually) Democratic leaders have tried to introduce work-family balance measures into the law, business groups have been strongly opposed.As Yale law professor Anne Alstott argues, justifying parental support depends on defining the family as a social good that, in some sense, society must pay for. In her book No Exit: What Parents Owe Their Children and What Society Owes Parents, she argues that parents are burdened in many ways in their lives: there is “no exit” when it comes to children. “Society expects—and needs—parents to provide their children with continuity of care, meaning the intensive, intimate care that human beings need to develop their intellectual, emotional and moral capabilities. And society expects—and needs—parents to persist in their roles for 18 years, or longer if needed.”While most parents do this out of love, there are public penalties for not providing care. What parents do, in other words, is of deep concern to the state, for the obvious reason that caring for children is not only morally urgent but essential for the future of society. The state recognizes this in the large body of family laws that govern children’s welfare, yet parents receive little help in meeting the life-changing obligations society imposes. To classify parenting as a personal choice for which there is no collective responsibility is not merely to ignore the social benefits of good parenting; really, it is to steal those benefits because they accrue to the whole of society as today’s children become tomorrow, s productive citizenry. In fact, by some estimates, the value of parental investments in children, investments of time and money (including lost wages) , is equal to 20-30% of gross domestic product. If these investments generate huge social benefits—as they clearly do—the benefits of providing more social support for the family should be that much clearer.

1.What do we learn about paid family leave from the first paragraph?2.What has prevented the passing of work-family balance laws in the United States?3.What is Professor Anne Alston’s argument for parental support?4.What does the author think of America’s large body of family laws governing children’s welfare?5.Why does the author object to classifying parenting as a personal choice?

Planning our vocation we must take the frequent （ ） of the weather into consideration.

（ ） the advice from the councilor, we would not have finished the task so smoothly.

The village（ ）my grandfather grew up in is not far from the town.

Putting in a new window will （ ） cutting away part of the roof.

The two men are well（ ） with each other since they once studied in the same university.

George Washington （ ） .