s="" play="" for="" the="" 3-pound="" organ.="" most="" important,="" unlike="" any="" conventional="" computer,="" brain="" can="" learn="" from="" its="" mistakes.="" researchers="" have="" tried="" years="" to="" program="" computers="" imitate="" brain's="" abilities,="" but="" without="" success.="" now="" a="" growing="" number="" of="" designers="" believe="" they="" answer:="" if="" computer="" is="" function="" more="" like="" person="" and="" less="" an="" over-grown="" calculator="" it="" must="" be="" built="" brain,="" which="" distributes="" information="" across="" vast="" interconnected="" web="" nerve="" cells,="" or="" neurons. Conventional computers function by following a chainlike sequence of detailed instructions. Although very fast, their processors can perform only one task at a time. This approach works best in solving problems that can be broken down into simpler logical pieces. The processors in a neural-network computer, by contrast, form a network much like the nerve cells in the brain. Since these artificial neurons are interconnected, they can share information and perform tasks at the same time. This two-dimensional approach works best at recognizing patterns. Instead of programming a neural-network computer to make decisions, its maker trains it to recognize patterns in any solution to a problem by repeatedly feeding examples to the machine. Neural networks come in all shapes and sizes. Until now most existed as software simulations（模拟品）because redesigning computer chips took a lot of time and money. By experimenting with different approaches through software rather than hardware, scientists have been able to avoid costly mistakes.1.It can be inferred from the first paragraph that the most advanced supercomputer （ ）.2.What is NOT true of a conventional computer?3.The main feature of a neural-network computer is that（ ） .4.The expression "this two-dimensional approach" in the second paragraph refers to （ ）.5.Scientists use software rather than hardware in their experiments because （ ） . '>
The more time scientists spend designing computers the more they marvel at the human brain. Tasks that baffle（难住）the most advanced supercomputer — recognizing a face, reading a handwritten note 一 are child's play for the 3-pound organ. Most important, unlike any conventional computer, the brain can learn from its mistakes. Researchers have tried for years to program computers to imitate the brain's abilities, but without success. Now a growing number of designers believe they have the answer: if a computer is to function more like a person and less like an over-grown calculator it must be built more like a brain, which distributes information across a vast interconnected web of nerve cells, or neurons.Conventional computers function by following a chainlike sequence of detailed instructions. Although very fast, their processors can perform only one task at a time. This approach works best in solving problems that can be broken down into simpler logical pieces. The processors in a neural-network computer, by contrast, form a network much like the nerve cells in the brain. Since these artificial neurons are interconnected, they can share information and perform tasks at the same time. This two-dimensional approach works best at recognizing patterns.Instead of programming a neural-network computer to make decisions, its maker trains it to recognize patterns in any solution to a problem by repeatedly feeding examples to the machine.Neural networks come in all shapes and sizes. Until now most existed as software simulations（模拟品）because redesigning computer chips took a lot of time and money. By experimenting with different approaches through software rather than hardware, scientists have been able to avoid costly mistakes. 1.It can be inferred from the first paragraph that the most advanced supercomputer （ ）.2.What is NOT true of a conventional computer?3.
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