The prisoner（ ）a means of escape from prison.

A.contrived B.conspired C.intrigued D.plotted

The teacher was in a rage with him, for his handwriting in the composition was （ ） .

A.illegible B.incomprehensible C.inaudible D.decipherable

He had read a patent liver-circular, in which were detailed the various（ ）by which a man could tell his liver was out of order.

A.signals B.system C.symptoms D.symbols

Music is the result of thought in the form of attitude, or stance. There is no one way of thinking, since men’s values are as scattered and dissimilar as individual men themselves. If black music can be seen as the result of certain attitudes, certain specific ways of thinking about the world, then my basic hypothesis about music is understood. The black man’s music changed as he changed, reflecting shifting attitudes or consistent attitudes within change contexts. It is why the music changed that seems most important to me.When jazz first began to appear on the American scene during the twenties, in one form or another, it was introduced in many instances by white Americans. Yet its original conception and its most vital development were the result of certain attitudes, or empirical ideas, attributable to the Afro-American culture. Jazz as played by white musicians was not the same as that played by black musicians nor was there any reason for it to be. The music of the white jazz musician was, at its most profound, a learned art.The blues, for example, which I take to be an autonomous black music, was practically ignored in pre-jazz white American culture. Blues is an extremely important part of jazz. However the way in which jazz utilizes the blues “attitude” provided a musical analogy the white musician could understand, and thus he could arrive at a style of jazz music. The white musician understood the blues first as music, but seldom as an attitude, since the attitude of the white musician was necessarily quite a different one. And in many cases, it was not consistent with the making of jazz.Thus, the trumpets of Bix Beiderbecke and Louis Armstrong were very dissimilar. The white middle-class boy from Lowa was an inborn intellectual and had an emotional life that was based on his conscious or unconscious disapproval of most of the ritual of his culture. On the other hand Armstrong was, in terms of an emotional archetype, an honored priest of his culture. He was not rebelling against anything with his music. The incredible irony of the situation was that both stood in similar places in the superstructure of American society; Beiderbecke, because of his isolation and deviation from mass culture; and Armstrong, because of the socio-historical separation of the black man from the rest of American.1.Which of the following best states the underlying idea of the passage?2.With which of the following statements about the relationship between blues and jazz in American culture would the author be most likely to agree?3.The tone of the author’s discussion of the blues is primarily one of（ ） .4.According to the author, Beiderbecke and Armstrong were similar in which of the following?5.The author implies that the kinds of music produced by Beiderbecke and Armstrong differ greatly because（ ） .

A.Because of environmental influences, the music of black and white artists must be very different. B.Because it is the result of thought, the music of black artists can be learned by white musicians. C.Because jazz is primarily a musical form created on inspiration, it is difficult for one musician to copy the style of another. D.Because music has social significance, its influence on black white relations should not be underestimated.
问题2：
A.Jazz placed more emphasis on Afro-American culture than did the blues B.Jazz changed the attitudes of white musicians toward Afro-American culture. C.Jazz was based on the blues attitude, but expressed it in a manner that was comprehensible to white musicians. D.Jazz was a form of music that had to be understood in order to be played, whereas the blues had to be learned.
问题3：
A.indifference B.appreciation C.curiosity D.uncertainty
问题4：
A.The attitudes they brought to their music. B.Their ability to reflect other cultures in their music. C.Their relationships to the cultures of their ancestors. D.The positions they came to hold in American society.
问题5：
A.the attitudes of blacks and whites as reflected in their music are necessarily different. B.Beiderbecke’s intellectualism hampered his

They stood at the top of the mountain and viewed the beautiful （ ） .

A.lapse B.landscape C.layout D.locality

In general, our society is becoming one of giant enterprises directed by a bureaucratic management in which man becomes a small well-oiled cog in the machinery. The oiling is done with higher wages, well-ventilated factories and piped music, and by psychologists and “human-relations” experts. Yet all this oiling does not alter the fact that man has become powerless that he does not wholeheartedly participate in his work and that he is bored with it. In fact, the blue and the white-collar workers have become economic puppets who dance to the tune of automated machines and bureaucratic management.The worker and employee are anxious, not only because they might find themselves out of a job. They are anxious also because they are unable to acquire any real satisfaction or interest in life. They live and die without ever having confronted the fundamental realities of human existence as emotionally and intellectually independent and productive human beings.Those higher up on the social ladder are no less anxious. Their lives are no less empty than those of their subordinates. They are even more insecure in some respects. They are in a highly competitive race. To be promoted or to fall behind is not a matter of salary but even more a matter of self-respect. When they apply for their first job, they are tested for intelligence as well as for the tight mixture of submissiveness and independence. From that moment on they are tested again and again-by the psychologists, for whom testing is a big business, and by their superiors, who judge their behavior, sociability, capacity to get along, etc. This constant need to prove that one is as good as or better than one’s fellow-competitor creates constant anxiety and stress, the very causes of unhappiness and illness.Am I suggesting that we should return to the preindustrial mode of production or to nineteenth-century “free enterprise” capitalism? Certainly not. Problems are never solved by returning to a stage which one has already outgrown. I suggest transforming our social system from a bureaucratically managed industrialism in which maximal production and consumption are ends in themselves into a humanist industrialism in which man and full development of his potentialities-those of love and of reason-are the aims of all social arrangements. Production and consumption should serve only as means to this end, and should be prevented from ruling man.1.By “a well-oiled cog in the machinery” the author intends to render the idea that man is（ ）.2.The real cause of the anxiety of the workers and employees is that （ ）3.From the passage we can infer that real happiness of life belongs to those （ ）.4.To solve the present social problems the author suggests that we should（ ）.5.The author’s attitude towards industrialism might best be summarized as one of （ ）.

A.a necessary part of the society though each individual functions in it B.working in complete harmony with the rest of the society C.an unimportant part in comparison with the rest of the society, though functioning smoothly D.a humble component of the society, especially when working smoothly
问题2：
A.they are likely to lose their jobs B.they have no genuine satisfaction or interest in life C.they are faced with the fundamental realities of human existence D.they are deprived of their individuality and independence
问题3：
A.who are at the bottom of the society B.who are higher up in their social status C.who prove better than their fellow-competitors D.who could keep far away from this competitive world
问题4：
A.resort to the production mode of our ancestors B.offer higher wages to the worker and employees C.enable man to fully develop his potentialities D.take the fundamental realities for granted
问题5：
A.approval B.dissatisfaction C.suspicion D.tolerance